0.7.17 Oral Final Study Guide

The Oral Final Is About Connections

FIT introduced many individual tools and concepts.

The strongest preparation is not memorizing isolated definitions.

Focus on explaining how the ideas connect.

A useful pattern is:

What problem does this concept help solve, what representation or tool is being used, and what evidence tells you whether the result makes sense?

Performance-Based Technical Work

A structured technical process can move through:

Plain text
need
  ↓
requirement or user story
  ↓
planned work
  ↓
technical artifact
  ↓
evidence
  ↓
revision

Examples of evidence in FIT include:

Be able to explain why evidence matters rather than saying only that a tool "checks the work."

Abstraction and Models

A model is a purposeful simplification.

Abstraction answers:

What information matters for this purpose?

A useful model includes needed information while leaving out irrelevant detail.

The model type should fit the question.

UML Object Diagrams

Object diagrams answer:

What specific objects exist in this snapshot?

They can show:

Example idea:

Plain text
player1 : Player
-------------------------
name = "Jordan"
isAvailable = true

UML Activity Diagrams

Activity diagrams answer:

What happens next?

They can show:

For web interactions, partitions can separate Browser and Server.

For AI workflows, partitions can separate Human and AI System.

UML Class Diagrams

Class diagrams answer:

What software types and attributes represent the system?

Example:

Plain text
Player
--------------------------------
name : string
jerseyNumber : int
isAvailable : bool

The class describes a kind of object.

An object diagram shows a specific instance of that type.

ERDs and UML Class Diagrams

An ERD is primarily data-oriented.

It describes:

A UML class diagram is primarily software-oriented.

It describes:

The models can contain related concepts without being interchangeable.

C# Objects and UML Objects

A UML object such as:

Plain text
player1 : Player
-------------------------
name = "Jordan"

can connect to introductory C# such as:

C#
Player player1 = new Player();
player1.name = "Jordan";

UML shows the modeled snapshot.

C# contains executable instructions that create and change runtime state.

The debugger can show the object while the program runs.

Sequence, Booleans, and Decisions

Programs execute instructions in an order.

Boolean values represent:

Plain text
true
false

A simple if condition controls whether a block runs.

An if/else chooses between two paths.

An activity-diagram decision can represent the same reasoning visually.

Development Evidence

Build result

Answers:

Can the compiler translate the current source?

Error List

Helps locate compiler/build diagnostics.

Breakpoint

Creates a planned runtime pause.

F10 / Step Over

Executes the current statement and advances through the current flow.

Debugger state

Shows current values and objects.

A program can build successfully and still behave incorrectly.

Build evidence and runtime evidence answer different questions.

Number Systems and Representation

Decimal is base 10.

Binary is base 2.

Hexadecimal is base 16.

The same value can have different representations.

Four binary bits correspond directly to one hexadecimal digit.

Hexadecimal web colors provide one visible application:

Plain text
#RRGGBB

Data Types

Basic C# types introduced in FIT include:

C#
string
int
double
bool

The type should match the meaning of the information.

UML class attributes can also display types.

Memory and Persistent Storage

Runtime memory holds information used while the application is running.

Persistent storage allows information to survive beyond the current execution.

A simple text-file flow is:

Plain text
memory
  ↓ write
file
  ↓ read
memory

FIT used:

C#
System.IO.File.WriteAllText(...)
System.IO.File.ReadAllText(...)

to illustrate that movement.

HTML and CSS

HTML describes webpage structure and meaning.

CSS controls presentation.

A browser interprets both to render a webpage.

Hexadecimal can represent CSS colors.

Internet and Web

The Internet provides network connectivity.

The Web uses that connectivity for web resources and request/response interactions.

A browser is a client.

A web server receives requests and sends responses.

URLs and Query Parameters

A URL can include:

Example:

Plain text
https://example.com/search?team=wildcats

The query parameter is:

Plain text
team=wildcats

A C# application can build a URL from supplied user input and ask the browser to open it.

The browser still performs the web request.

Structured Data

Structured data uses consistent fields and records.

In a spreadsheet:

Plain text
row → record
column → field
cell → field value

A CSV can represent the same tabular information as plain text.

Clean data uses consistent representations.

Unique IDs and Relationships

A unique ID distinguishes one record from another.

Related tables can connect records using identifiers.

Example:

Plain text
Songs.Artist ID
        ↓
Artists.Artist ID

That relationship can be modeled in an ERD.

Data Analysis

Sorting changes record order.

Filtering limits the current view.

A PivotTable creates a grouped summary.

A chart visualizes selected data.

A visualization can reveal patterns, but it does not automatically explain why those patterns exist.

The source data still controls the quality of the result.

DataGrid

A DataGrid displays structured records in a C# application.

The FIT data path is conceptually:

Plain text
CSV
 ↓
application data
 ↓
DataGrid

The displayed rows and columns should preserve the record-and-field relationships from the source.

AI-Supported Information

Generative AI produces output.

Generated output is not guaranteed fact.

Evaluate:

Important claims may require verification with an authoritative source.

Responsible AI Use

Use data minimization.

Do not share:

Follow the AI-use requirements for the course or workplace.

Be transparent about AI assistance when required.

Accept, Revise, Verify, or Reject

This framework describes your next action after evaluating technology-supported output.

The decision should be based on:

Human Judgment Connects the Entire Course

FIT repeatedly places a person between evidence and action.

Examples:

Plain text
debugger evidence → decide what code to revise
Plain text
chart → decide what observation the data supports
Plain text
web information → decide how to interpret the result
Plain text
AI output → decide whether to accept, revise, verify, or reject

The common skill is not memorizing tool buttons.

It is using appropriate representations and evidence to make and explain a technical decision.

A Strong Oral Explanation

When explaining a FIT concept, try this structure:

  1. Name the problem or question.
  2. Identify the representation or tool.
  3. Explain what information it provides.
  4. Explain what it does not prove.
  5. Describe the evidence you would use.
  6. State the human decision that follows.

That structure demonstrates understanding across the course rather than recall of isolated vocabulary.